Arthur is a struggling writer with a day job as an eye doctor—and honestly, not a particularly experienced one at that. He's spent time working aboard ships, which probably shaped his worldview more than his actual medical training.
In 1889, he got an unexpected invitation to Phantomhive manor for a party full of high-society types. Turns out the earl had read one of his stories in some obscure magazine and liked it enough to bring him along. That was basically it—the whole reason for the invite.
He's clearly based on Arthur Conan Doyle, the guy who created Sherlock Holmes. Like his real-life counterpart, this Arthur has a sharp analytical mind and a strong moral compass. He's the type who notices things others miss and isn't afraid to call out injustice when he sees it. There's a quirk he has where he jots down notes on his shirt cuffs—handy for remembering details for his writing later.
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